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Recent progress in hydrodynamic characteristics research and application of annular centrifugal extractors

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 854-873 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2156-0

摘要： The annular centrifugal extractor (ACE) integrates mixing and separation. It has been widely used in many industrial fields because of its low residence time, compact structure, and high mass transfer efficiency. Most of the literature has focused on flow instabilities, flow visualization, and computational fluid dynamics simulations. More recently, research on hydrodynamic behavior and structural optimization has received widespread attention. With the development of ACE technology, applications have been broadened into several new areas. Hence, this paper reviews research progress regarding ACE in terms of hydrodynamic characteristics and the structural improvements. The latest applications covering hydrometallurgy, nuclear fuel reprocessing, bio-extraction, catalytic reaction, and wastewater treatment are presented. We also evaluate future work in droplet breakup and coalescence mechanisms, structural improvements specific to different process requirements, scaling-up methods, and stability and reliability after scaling-up.

关键词： annular centrifugal extractor     hydrodynamic characteristics     structure optimization     the latest application    

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Effects of alfalfa coverage on runoff, erosion and hydraulic characteristics of overland flow on loess

Shufang WU, Pute WU, Hao FENG, G. P. Merkley

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 76-83 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0282-x

摘要： An evaluation of the interactions between vegetation, overland and soil erosion can provide valuable insight for the conservation of soil and water. An experiment was conducted to study water infiltration, runoff generation process, rate of sediment erosion, and hydrodynamic characteristics of overland flow from a sloping hillside with different draw-off discharges from alfalfa and control plots with 20° slope. The effect of alfalfa on runoff and sediment transport reduction was quantitatively analyzed. Alfalfa was discussed for its ability to reduce the overland flow scouring force or change the runoff movement. Compared to the bare-soil plots, alfalfa plots generated a 1.77 times increase in infiltration rate. Furthermore, the down-slope water infiltration rate for the bare soil plots was higher than in the up-slope, while the opposite was found in the alfalfa plots. In addition, alfalfa had a significant effect on runoff and sediment yield. In comparison to the control, the runoff coefficient and sediment transportation rate decreased by 28.3% and 78.4% in the grass slope, respectively. The runoff generated from the alfalfa and bare-soil plots had similar trends with an initial increase and subsequent leveling to a steady-state rate. The transport of sediment reduced with time as a consequence of the depletion of loose surface materials. The maximum sediment concentration was recorded within the first few minutes of each event. The alfalfa plots had subcritical flow while the bare-soil plots had supercritical flow, which indicate that the capability of the alfalfa slope for resisting soil erosion and sediment movement was greater than for bare soil plots. Moreover, the flow resistance coefficient and roughness coefficient for the alfalfa plots were both higher than for the bare-soil plots, which indicate that overland flow in alfalfa plots had retarded and was blocked, and the flow energy along the runoff path had gradually dissipated. Finally, the ability to erode and transport sediment had decreased.

关键词： alfalfa     soil erosion     runoff and sedimentation     soil water infiltration     overland flow     hydrodynamic characteristics    

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Simplified analytical solution for free vibration characteristics of Hardfill dam

XIAO Wei, HE Yunlong, ZHANG Yanfeng

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 219-225 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0037-3

摘要： Formulas for computing natural frequencies and modes of Hardfill dams are derived based on one-dimensional shear wedge theory, in which the influences of the upstream concrete face and hydrodynamic pressure of water on the dams’ natural frequencies and modes are discussed. Furthermore, the seismic responses of Hardfill dams are calculated using response spectrum method. An example is analyzed to compare the differences of natural frequencies and modes between shear wedge method and FEM. Then the applicability and accuracy of shear wedge method to analyze free vibration characteristics of Hardfill dams are proven.

关键词： upstream concrete     hydrodynamic pressure     vibration     one-dimensional     applicability    

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Identification of pollution sources in rivers using a hydrodynamic diffusion wave model and improved

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1685-1

摘要：

● A hydrodynamic-Bayesian inference model was developed for water pollution tracking.

关键词： Identification of pollution sources     Water quality restoration     Bayesian inference     Hydrodynamic model     Inverse problem    

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Numerical analysis of hydrodynamic process of circular-translational-moving polishing (CTMP)

ZHAI Wenjie, LIU Changxiong, LIANG Yingchun

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第3卷 第4期   页码 441-448 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0074-6

摘要： By keeping a pad moving relative to a wafer along a circular path without rotation, we developed a polishing technique called circular-translational-moving polishing (CTMP), which permits multidirectional polishing of the work piece and thus bears the advantage of isotropic polishing and a potential increase of material removal rate (MRR) on the wafer. To illuminate the mechanisms of CTMP and determine the optimum process variables in a CTMP process, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic lubrication model for CTMP with a smooth and rigid pad under a quasi-stable state is established in a polar coordinate system. The model equations are further calculated numerically by the finite difference method. The instantaneous distribution of fluid pressure is obtained, which shows that a negative pressure exists. The reason for negative pressure in CTMP and its effect on polishing is discussed. Moreover, the nominal clearance of the fluid film, roll, and pitch angles under different working conditions are obtained in terms of the applied load, moments, and polishing velocity. The obtained numerical analysis can be used as guidance for choosing operation parameters in a practical CTMP application.

关键词： numerical analysis     practical CTMP     circular-translational-moving polishing     CTMP     different    

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Uncertainty quantification of stability and damage detection parameters of coupled hydrodynamic-ground

Nazim Abdul NARIMAN, Tom LAHMER, Peyman KARAMPOUR

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 303-323 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0462-x

摘要： In this paper, models of the global system of the Koyna dam have been created using ABAQUS software considering the dam-reservoir-foundation interaction. Non coupled models and the coupled models were compared regarding the horizontal displacement of the dam crest and the differential settlement of the dam base in clay foundation. Meta models were constructed and uncertainty quantification process was adopted by the support of Sobol’s sensitivity indices considering five uncertain parameters by exploiting Box-Behnken experimental method. The non coupled models results determined overestimated predicted stability and damage detection in the dam. The rational effects of the reservoir height were very sensitive in the variation of the horizontal displacement of the dam crest with a small interaction effect with the beta viscous damping coefficient of the clay foundation. The modulus of elasticity of the clay foundation was the decisive parameter regarding the variation of the differential settlement of the dam base. The XFEM approach has been used for damage detection in relation with both minimum and maximum values of each uncertain parameter. Finally the effects of clay and rock foundations were determined regarding the resistance against the propagation of cracks in the dam, where the rock foundation was the best.

关键词： massed foundation     hydrodynamic pressure     Box-Behnken method     meta model     Sobol’s sensitivity indices    

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Scenario analysis of water pollution control in the typical peri-urban river using a coupled hydrodynamic-water

Haifeng JIA, Shuo WANG, Mingjie WEI, Yansong ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 255-265 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0279-x

摘要： The water quality pollution and ecological deterioration in peri-urban rivers are usually serious under rapid urbanization and economic growth. In the study, a typical peri-urban river, Nansha River, was selected as a case study to discuss the scheme of peri-urban river rehabilitation. Located in the north part of the Beijing central region, the Nansha River watershed has been designated as an ecologically friendly garden-style area with high-tech industry parks and upscale residential zones. However, the Nansha River is currently seriously contaminated by urban and rural pollutants from both nonpoint sources (NPS) and point sources (PS). In this study, the pollutant loads from point sources and nonpoint sources in the Nansha River watershed were first assessed. A coupled model, derived from the Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code and Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program, was developed to simulate the hydrodynamics and water quality in the Nansha River. According to the characteristics of the typical peri-urban river, three different PS and NPS control scenarios were designed and examined by modeling analyses. Based on the results of the scenario analysis, a river rehabilitation scheme was recommended for implementation.

关键词： peri-urban river     coupled hydrodynamic-water quality modeling     scenario analysis     river rehabilitation    

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波浪入射角及地形对浮体水动力学特性影响的有限元分析

刘荣,郑永红,游亚戈,孙晓燕,

《中国工程科学》 2005年 第7卷 第3期   页码 42-48

摘要：

利用有限元方法分析了二维情况下波浪入射角及地形对浮体水动力学特性的影响，计算了不同情况下浮体的水动力学系数；通过与简单地形情况下解析解的比较，验证了数值方法的正确性；并在分析中采用了BiCGStab算法，高效地求解离散形成的线性方程组，大大地提高了分析的效率。研究结果为海上结构物的设计提供了关键的水动力学数据。

关键词： 波浪     浮体     斜向波     复杂地形     有限元    

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Development of a hydrodynamic model and the corresponding virtual software for dual-loop circulating

Shanwei Hu, Xinhua Liu

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 579-590 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1953-6

摘要： Dual-loop circulating fluidized bed (CFB) reactors have been widely applied in industry because of their good heat and mass transfer characteristics and continuous handling ability. However, the design of such reactors is notoriously difficult owing to the poor understanding of the underlying mechanisms, meaning it has been heavily based on empiricism and stepwise experiments. Modeling the gas-solid CFB system requires a quantitative description of the multiscale heterogeneity in the sub-reactors and the strong coupling between them. This article proposed a general method for modeling multi-loop CFB systems by utilizing the energy minimization multiscale (EMMS) principle. A full-loop modeling scheme was implemented by using the EMMS model and/or its extension models to compute the hydrodynamic parameters of the sub-reactors, to achieve the mass conservation and pressure balance in each circulation loop. Based on the modularization strategy, corresponding interactive simulation software was further developed to facilitate the flexible creation and fast modeling of a customized multi-loop CFB reactor. This research can be expected to provide quantitative references for the design and scale-up of gas-solid CFB reactors and lay a solid foundation for the realization of virtual process engineering.

关键词： multi-loop circulating fluidized bed     mathematical modeling     energy minimization multiscale     virtual fluidization     mesoscale structure    

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水力空化反应器的最新进展——空化机理、反应器设计与应用 Review

Haoxuan Zheng, Ying Zheng, Jesse Zhu

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第19卷 第12期   页码 180-198 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.04.027

摘要：

水力空化因其能效高、操作成本低、能够诱导化学反应并可规模化等优势，被认为是一种很有前途的工艺强化技术。近十年来，人们对水力空化及其主要变量的基本认识取得了一些进展，为水力空化在自由基诱导化学反应过程中的应用提供了基础。在这里，我们对这些研究工作进行了广泛回顾，包括水力空化的基本原理、空化反应器的设计、空化诱导的反应增强及相关的工业应用。比较了两种类型的水力空化反应器，即固定式和旋转式水力空化反应器。讨论了水力空化反应器的设计参数及其在实验室和中试尺度上的反应器性能，并就其最佳操作和几何条件提出了建议。本文首次回顾了目前市场上的商业空化反应器。水力空化的独特特点已广泛应用于各种化学反应，如氧化反应和废水处理，以及如乳化液生成和组分提取等物理过程。文中也详细讨论了自由基和气泡内爆的作用。

关键词： 水动力空化作用     空化核     羟基自由基     固定/旋转水动力空化反应器     反应增强     空化应用    

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河网水动力及综合水质模型的研究

张明亮,沈永明

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第10期   页码 78-83

摘要：

采用Preissmann 4点隐式差分格式离散一维圣维南方程组，应用三级联解法求解河网水动力数学模型。基于河道-节点-河道算法的河网水质模型的求解特点，在WASP的水质模型理论基础上，建立了河网非稳态水动力综合生态水质数学模型，考虑了多个污染物变量的耦合计算、变量之间的相互转化和迁移。利用模型对4个河网算例进行验证。验证表明，水位和流量过程计算值与实测值吻合很好，各水质变量的计算值和实测值也符合较好，可见模型是合理可靠的，为河网的水质预测和管理提供了一个较为简便实用的工具。

关键词： Preissmann格式     河网     水动力模型     综合水质模型     WASP模型    

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Method of internal 3D flow field numerical simulation for hydrodynamic torque converter

SHANG Tao, ZHAO Dingxuan, ZHANG Yuankun, GUO Xiangen, SHI Xiangzhong

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第3卷 第1期   页码 86-90 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0012-7

摘要： To enhance the performance of a hydrodynamic torque converter and thoroughly understand the trait of inside flow, a numerical simulation method of internal 3D flow for the three-element centrifugal hydrodynamic torque converter was systematically researched and expatiated in this paper. First, the internal flow field of each impeller was calculated. The curves that illustrate the relationships between the pressure differences of the inlet and outlet versus flux were drawn. Second, the concurrent working point of each impeller was approximately estimated. Finally, a calculation was performed considering the influence on each impeller. The flow field of a working point was solved by multiple calculations and the actual working condition was gradually determined. The pressure and velocity distributions of the flow field were proposed. The performance parameters of the hydrodynamic torque converter were predicted. The calculation method, and the proposed pressure and velocity distribution of the flow field, have practical significance for the design and improvement of a hydrodynamic torque converter.

关键词： velocity distribution     calculation     numerical simulation     three-element centrifugal     converter    

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平原河网区水动力重构理论与实践 Article

唐洪武, 袁赛瑜, 曹昊

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第24卷 第5期   页码 202-212 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.01.015

摘要：

我国平原河网地区地势低洼，河道比降平缓，水动力弱，加上密集的人类活动，水安全问题十分突出，比如洪涝频发、水体自净能力差、水生态系统脆弱等。本文研究发现这些问题都与水动力有关，水流能量时空分布失衡是产生这些水问题的共同本源。由此，创建了平原河网区水动力重构理论。该理论在水量调控的基础上，深挖水动力及有限能量在水生态环境改善中的作用，优化布局水闸、泵站等水利工程体系，充分挖潜工程的综合效益。通过重构水动力时空分布来满足平原河网区复杂水问题统筹治理的需求。在此基础上，建立了完整的弱动力平原河网区多尺度水动力重构、多目标水力调控的理论方法和技术体系，提出了平原河网区水问题统筹治理原则。最后以扬州主城区河网活水提质为例，介绍该理论的实际应用及效果。

关键词： 平原河网     水安全问题     水动力重构     多目标     统筹治理    

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antifouling, and permeation properties of polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane: thermodynamic and formation hydrodynamic

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1484-1502 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2331-y

摘要： Various hydrophilic poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) (EVOH) were used herein to precisely control the structure and hydrodynamic properties of polysulfone (PSF) membranes. Particularly, to prepare pristine PSF and PSF/EVOH blends with increasing vinyl alcohol (VOH: 73%, 68%, 56%), the non-solvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) technique was used. Polyethylene glycol was used as a compatibilizer and as a porogen in N,N-dimethylacetamide. Rheological and ultrasonic separation kinetic measurements were also carried out to develop an ultrafiltration membrane mechanism. The extracted membrane properties and filtration capabilities were systematically compared to the proposed mechanism. Accordingly, the addition of EVOH led to an increase in the rheology of the dopes. The resulting membranes exhibited a microporous structure, while the finger-like structures became more evident with increasing VOH content. The PSF/EVOH behavior was changed from immediate to delayed segregation due to a change in the hydrodynamic kinetics. Interestingly, the PSF/EVOH32 membranes showed high hydrophilicity and achieved a pure water permeability of 264 L·m–2·h–1·bar–1, which was higher than that of pure PSF membranes (171 L·m–2·h–1·bar–1). In addition, PSF/EVOH32 rejected bovine serum albumin at a high rate (> 90%) and achieved a significant restoration of permeability. Finally, from the thermodynamic and hydrodynamic results, valuable insights into the selection of hydrophilic copolymers were provided to tailor the membrane structure while improving both the permeability and antifouling performance.

关键词： polysulfone     blend modification     ultrafiltration membrane     formation hydrodynamics     poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) copolymer    

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A model of

Jingyu WANG,Hongwei FANG,Guojian HE,Lei HUANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第6期   页码 845-853 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0708-3

摘要： The impact on the environment of radionuclide release from nuclear power plants has attracted increased attention, especially after the accident at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in Japan. Based on the mechanisms of adsorption/desorption at solid/liquid interfaces and a surface micromorphology model of sediments, a theoretical expression of the distribution coefficient is derived. This coefficient has significant effects on the distribution of radionuclide in seawater, suspended sediment and seabed sediment. is then used to simulate Sr transport in the sea near the Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant. The simulation results are compared with field measurements of tidal level, current velocity, suspended sediment concentration and Sr concentrations in the same period. Overall, the simulated results agree well with the field measured data. Thus, the derived expression for is capable of interpreting realistic adsorption/desorption processes. What’s more, conclusion is drawn that about 40% Sr released by Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant will be adsorbed by suspended sediment and 20% by seabed sediment, only about 40% Sr will remain in the sea near Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant in South China Sea.

关键词： distribution coefficient     Daya Bay     hydrodynamic     sediment transport     radionuclide transport    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Recent progress in hydrodynamic characteristics research and application of annular centrifugal extractors

期刊论文

Effects of alfalfa coverage on runoff, erosion and hydraulic characteristics of overland flow on loess

Shufang WU, Pute WU, Hao FENG, G. P. Merkley

期刊论文

Simplified analytical solution for free vibration characteristics of Hardfill dam

XIAO Wei, HE Yunlong, ZHANG Yanfeng

期刊论文

Identification of pollution sources in rivers using a hydrodynamic diffusion wave model and improved

期刊论文

Numerical analysis of hydrodynamic process of circular-translational-moving polishing (CTMP)

ZHAI Wenjie, LIU Changxiong, LIANG Yingchun

期刊论文

Uncertainty quantification of stability and damage detection parameters of coupled hydrodynamic-ground

Nazim Abdul NARIMAN, Tom LAHMER, Peyman KARAMPOUR

期刊论文

Scenario analysis of water pollution control in the typical peri-urban river using a coupled hydrodynamic-water

Haifeng JIA, Shuo WANG, Mingjie WEI, Yansong ZHANG

期刊论文

波浪入射角及地形对浮体水动力学特性影响的有限元分析

刘荣,郑永红,游亚戈,孙晓燕,

期刊论文

Development of a hydrodynamic model and the corresponding virtual software for dual-loop circulating

Shanwei Hu, Xinhua Liu

期刊论文

水力空化反应器的最新进展——空化机理、反应器设计与应用

Haoxuan Zheng, Ying Zheng, Jesse Zhu

期刊论文

河网水动力及综合水质模型的研究

张明亮,沈永明

期刊论文

Method of internal 3D flow field numerical simulation for hydrodynamic torque converter

SHANG Tao, ZHAO Dingxuan, ZHANG Yuankun, GUO Xiangen, SHI Xiangzhong

期刊论文

平原河网区水动力重构理论与实践

唐洪武, 袁赛瑜, 曹昊

期刊论文

antifouling, and permeation properties of polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane: thermodynamic and formation hydrodynamic

期刊论文

A model of

Jingyu WANG,Hongwei FANG,Guojian HE,Lei HUANG

期刊论文